Financial Know-How for New College Students

If you are a prospective college student or already in college, you should know that there is a whole industry out there waiting to take your money. As a new college student, it is important that you pay close attention to how your money is being spent.

It can be very easy to lose track of your money, especially with the stress of being on your own for the first time. Here are some tips for gaining financial know-how if you are a new college student.

New College Students – Know that You Are a Target

If you are a new college student, you should know that there are a lot of people out there who think you are an easy target. Credit card companies, private lenders, cell phone companies, and yes, even booksellers, all roll out promotions and advertisements in the hopes of catching the attention of young college students.

Walk through any college or university during the first week of classes and you are bound to come across dozens of tables set out to get college students attention. Know that these companies are relying on your financial inexperience. Watch out for promotions that seem too good to be true. They probably are.

High Interest Credit Cards – The Bane of the New College Student’s Existence

What is perhaps the most important thing to remember if you are a new college student when it comes to taking charge of your finances? Credit cards, or perhaps more specifically, high interest credit cards.

Did you know that credit card companies will specifically target college populations? Credit card companies are well known for drawing in college populations with promotions, maybe a college sweater or gift card, and with their promotional annual percentage rates. Note the word ‘promotional’.

That means that what seems like a very good interest rate may only last you for a few months, and then the credit card takes on much higher interest rates. Be very wary of so-called student credit cards with promotional low interest rates. Read the fine print very carefully, and never sign up for a credit card just because of the cool promotional gift. It could end up costing you hundreds of dollars!

Making Sense of Your Financial Aid Package

Financial aid packages can definitely be confusing. There are subsidized student loans, unsubsidized student loans, work-study funds, grants, and scholarships. When it comes to understanding your financial aid package, it can be tough to crack the jargon that usually accompanies most of these packages.

Let’s tackle one of the most confusing aspects: the difference between subsidized and unsubsidized student loans. On the whole, subsidized federal student loans are the most desirable. These allow you to lock in low interest rates, and do not begin to calculate interest until after you graduate.

Visit Your College’s Financial Aid Office

It happens to almost every college student. Inevitably, there will be a problem with your financial aid package, there will be a problem with your financial aid funds, you will be asked to turn in supplemental forms, or you will simply not understand part of your package and you will want to ask a question.

By all means, try to ask any questions you may have about your financial aid package before school starts. You don’t want to have to stand in the mile long line that trails out of the financial aid office on the first few days of school across every college campus in the United States.

If you have to stand in line, try to get there first thing in the morning, even if it means dragging yourself out of bed. Also, make sure you bring every piece of information you may need, including any forms, correspondence, and tax forms that you may be asked for.

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Top FAQ’s Regarding the 529 Plans

There are many questions that need to be asked about any type of savings plans for college tuition, but the 529 plan has more than most. This is because the 529-college savings plan is widely available, and because it varies from state to state. This creates a need for even more answers than most other college investment tools. Many top questions seem to appear more often than others are, and they are as follows:

Are there any tax benefits to using the 529-college savings plan? The answer to this question is yes, there are many tax benefits. If you live in a state where there is state income tax, it does not apply as income for tax purposes. This is also true for federal taxes no matter where you live. This means that you can potentially bring home the same amount of money every week or month while still investing in this account. 

What happens if I file bankruptcy? This is another key question, particularly for people who think this may happen in the future. Fortunately, these funds receive protection from creditors, even if you need to file bankruptcy, which is another appealing quality of the plan.

What happens if my child decides not to go to college? This is one of the foremost-asked questions, because everyone wants to know that they will not lose their money in this case. The funds for a 529 plan can switch to other beneficiaries at any time, so you can transfer the funds to your other child or even close relatives.

There are limitations to who the beneficiary can be, but they are not extremely limited, allowing you many options. In the case that there is no one to transfer the funds to, you can still have access to the money, but there are typically penalties that vary from state to state.

How does it work? This is the main question, and has a variety of answers, particularly because each state is different. Typically, however, you get to choose from two options. One of these options is to purchase college hours in advance; saving you the increase in costs that will have raised by the time your child actually goes to college. The other option is investment allocations, set up by you with limitations.

Will this type of account limit where my child can attend college? Since the plans are state-run, there is often the misconception that this money will only be good for colleges within state borders. However, this is not true. There are over 8,000 colleges spread out all over the United States that will allow use of these funds, and this keeps the limitations low on where your child can attend school.

Will having this money saved affect my child’s ability to qualify for financial aid? This is another of the top FAQ’s about 529 savings plans, and the answer to this is no. Similar to the way the funds do not count as income for tax purposes, they do not apply when applying for financial aid, either. This allows your child to use the funds you have saved, as well as use additional moneys loaned by the school or state.

These are just the most commonly asked questions, and there are many others, as well. Fortunately, each state will answer questions about their individual program, so you can be sure that this is the best plan for you before beginning the investment. Knowing which plan will offer you and your child the most benefits in advance can help you start saving in the right way from the very beginning.

Wading Through the Financial Aid Options for College Students

The world of financial aid is often one of the most dreaded parts of getting ready to go off to college. Unless you have been offered a full tuition scholarship well ahead of graduation, chances are you will have to do the work of getting financial aid to fund your college years.

Financial aid can definitely be one of the more confusing aspects of going to college. Here are some tips to help you wade through the financial aid options for college students.

Your First Stop – Fill out the FAFSA Form

What is the FAFAS form? As most college students know, the FAFSA should be your first stop on the road to securing financing for your college years. The FAFSA form is the Free Application for Federal Student Aid. It is a federal form that you should fill out roughly a year before you plan to attend college or university.

The FAFSA form will ask you for personal information and information about your family’s income. By filling out the FAFSA in a timely manner, you automatically become eligible for federal student aid, which may include Pell Grants (aka, free money), subsidized student loans, unsubsidized student loans, and financial aid in the form of work-study funds. Pick up the FAFSA form at your local library or college financial aid office. You can even fill out the FAFSA form online.

Seeking Out Private Funding Sources

Another very popular option is to seek out financial aid in the form of private funding sources. Private funding may mean seeking out scholarship assistance from private companies, which can range from the local supermarket chain to a major bank corporation.

Most of these private funding sources require that apply with them directly for a scholarship contest of some kind, which may include an essay competition or simply an application with reference letters. Make sure to follow directions carefully, as each company has different rules and regulations.

Work Your Way to a College Degree – Taking Advantage of Employer Tuition Assistance

Many employers offer tuition assistance as part of your benefits package. Every employer is different, so ask your human resources representative if you think that they may be able to help you with tuition. If you are unemployed and looking for a job, consider seeking out employers who offer tuition assistance as part of their benefits package.

Seek Out Specialty Scholarships

Before you go the route of private lending, make sure to put your best effort forth when it comes to finding suitable scholarship opportunities. Just because you didn’t make straight A’s in high school does not mean that you are not scholarship material.

There are many specialty scholarships out there that target specific majors and industry. Consult the thickest scholarship finding guide you can find for opportunities that suit your situation.

Your Last Stop – The Private Loan Industry

Finding money for your college years is always difficult if you or your parents do not happen to be independently wealthy. However, there are many options available for those who can’t get their hands on a full tuition scholarship, federal, private, or otherwise.

There is a growing private loan industry that is now making many loans available for families and college students. However, if like many college students, you find yourself having to take out a large loan to pay for your studies, you will need to do some serious interest rate shopping.

Always opt for a federal subsidized student loan if possible, as these usually lock in a low interest rate and offer the best rates. However, if this is not possible, shop around with different lenders to find the one with the lowest interest rate and with the most flexibility. Make sure to read all the fine print.

Funding Options for College Bound Students

With so many funding options for college bound students, which one is best for you? Paying for college may be the largest expense a family can have, especially for families with multiple children. There are so many funding options to assist you. Here are some brief descriptions of your options.

A Coverdell educational savings account is a popular plan for college funding. You can contribute up to $2000 per year per child. If you use these funds for qualified education expenses, the earnings are tax deferred and free of federal tax. You select the investments for optimal flexibility.

Section 529 plans are state-sponsored plans that can be used to pay college expenses. This is a tax-advantage plan for approved education-related expenses such as tuition, room and board, supplies and fees. The state generally hires an investment firm as a program manager who provides various investment choices.

You invest in the appropriate portfolios that match your investment time-line and risk tolerance. The two types of 529 plans are prepaid and savings. Prepaid plans (independent) let you purchase tuition credits at member colleges, at today’s rates, for future usage. Savings plans have growth based on the market performance of your investments.

UGMA/UTMA accounts are custodial accounts opened on behalf of a minor. This gift is considered irrevocable with all withdrawals required to be for the minors benefit. The balance of the account is turned over to the minor at the age of majority.

Grants and scholarships are “free money” options that don’t have to be paid back. This is a debt-free way to fund an education. Financial need typically must be demonstrated to receive a grant. Scholarships are usually based on merit.

Work-study programs provide part-time employment from the federal government to earn money for college. This program is not only in place to help to fund college, but a work-study job can provide essential work experience.

Federal student loans are low interest, long-term loans for students. These loans offer attractive repayment options including being able to post-pone payments while attending college and in times during repayment of financial difficulty. There are federal loans for both parents and students. The best know ones are Stafford Loans for students and PLUS for parents.

A lot of people turn to these programs for their funding needs. You can also often find private loans that have low interest rates for college students. Be sure to choose a reputable lender who in knowledgeable on loan choices if using a private lender.

Tuition payment plans are an interest and debt-free way to spread payments over several months. Not all colleges offer this plan. Typically used by families who have income that will cover the gap between the amount they are billed for college and the amount of financial aid received.

Assets of a family are often used to fund college. IRA’s, savings accounts, 401k plans and stocks offer a debt-free way to fund an education. As a word of caution, before you liquidate one of these accounts, consider the earnings you may be missing out on. Use this number as a comparison to the amount of interest you would incur from a student loan plan.

Credit cards are often a popular but poor choice for funding a college bound student. This is for the simple fact that interest rates can be high. Use this funding choice with caution.

It’s important to think about your own situation as you plan to fund your education. Establishing a savings plan at an early age will make a huge difference. There are lots of funding options for college bound students. Which one makes the most sense for you?

Roth IRAs – A Viable Option for College Funding?

Lately, there has been much confusion regarding the benefits of using a Roth IRA to finance a college education on a tax-free basis. This is due to the complexity of rules on taking distributions/withdrawals from Roth IRAs. There are two kinds of money in a Roth IRA: contributions and earnings. Unlike a traditional IRA, contributions to a Roth are never tax-deductible.

Since taxes have already been paid taxes on the contributions, these can be withdrawn at any time, for any reason, without paying taxes, although they may be subject to the early 10% withdrawal penalty if they come out of a Roth within five tax years. Fortunately, that penalty is waived if the contributions are used for higher education expenses such as going to college.

The same can be done with non-deductible contributions made to traditional IRAs. But, the money earned by those contributions, such as capital gains, interest and dividends is untaxed money. Untaxed money cannot be taken out without paying income tax on it until the age of 59 1/2 or older. There are some exceptions to this rule, but unfortunately higher education is not one of them.

If the earnings are withdrawn from a Roth, they are taxed at ordinary earned income rates, not the more favorable capital gains rates. Don't even think about using Roth earnings for college. A person would be far better off with a taxable account. However, a person can use Roth contributions for college.

This option is viable only if the individual has some other type of retirement plan that is funded to satisfactorily.  Obviously, the individual’s future support should come first, and the individual’s children can work their way through college. Thus, as long as the Roth isn't all that stands between a person and a mediocre, poverty ridden retirement, then yes, the Roth has some potential for college funding.

Nobody will lend an individual money for a comfortable retirement, but a student can borrow money for college. The point of saving for college is to hopefully avoid the need for a student to borrow.

But bumps in the financial road do happen sometimes, and the bottom line is that if it comes down to an either/or situation, it's more important that there is a reasonable level of retirement savings more than large college savings fund.

As far as the tax advantages are concerned, a person might as well hide the money under a mattress. The individual is simply putting some money, on which taxes have already been paid, into the Roth for a while, then taking it back out and using it to pay for college.

No taxes are paid on that kind of withdrawal just like a person wouldn't pay taxes on withdrawals from a savings account, or money you stashed in a coffee can. The tax advantages of saving for college in a Roth is good. While a person will not get tax-free treatment on earnings saved in a Roth if used for college, the contributions can be withdrawn for college expenses without tax or penalty.

The obvious solution is to leave the earnings in the Roth for retirement and withdraw the principal to pay college bills. There is some flexibility in using a Roth IRA, but here are also yearly contribution limits for the Roth, with the annual limit for the Roth IRA increasing to $4,000 in 2005, a married couple will be able to save a full $8,000 per year in Roth IRAs.

Many families with kids aren't going to be able to save more than that anyway, and if they can, the Coverdell accounts are still available to save an extra $2,000 per child per year. The treatment of college funding is often confusing, it is sufficient to say that having college savings money held in a Roth IRA can simplify the treatment of financial aid and education tax credits.

Why In-State Colleges Should Be a Financial Aid Solution

Are you looking for a viable way to pay for college, but most of your college options seem like they will only put you years in debt? Is it really worth to pay for thousands of dollars in tuition each year? How can you avoid the stress of an expensive college education?

For those seeking a high quality education that will help them stay out of debt, an in state college could just be the ticket. Here are a few reasons why you’re in state college or university is worth its weight in gold.

Your In State College – Your Financial Aid Solution

How can your in state college become your financial aid solution? Easy. Attending an out of state college automatically adds thousands of dollars to your financial aid template.

Why not save yourself the stress of footing such a large bill and look for a good in state college or university? Most states have at least one or two good state colleges to choose from. Going to an in state college does not mean that you will have to sacrifice the freedom of the college experience.

Chances are you will have to make some kind of a move, even if it means moving only forty minutes away from your hometown, or on the other hand, it could possibly mean you will be moving hours away. Whatever you choose, know that an in state college will help you save thousands over the years.

Why Are In State Colleges the Affordable Choice for Students?

Choosing an in state college can be a great financial aid solution because it means that you qualify for in state tuition. This means that because you have already established residency, you will not have to pay the out of state tuition, which is often several thousand dollars more.

Moreover, in state tuitions often offer many tuition waivers to incoming students who hail from in state. If you have made above average grades throughout high school, there is a good chance that you will qualify for some sort of in state tuition assistance.

Even if this is not the case, you may consider using your local community college system as a springboard to a local in state college or university. Most community colleges also offer tuition scholarships for students wishing to transfer to an institution of higher education.

Get More Out of Your Financial Aid by Attending an In State College

Chances are that you will get more out of your federal aid if you choose an in state institution of higher learning rather than an out of state choice. You have more local resources at your disposal if you are applying for an in state institution.

In State Colleges - Offering You a Great Education without Breaking the Bank

The dirty secret about elite private institutions of higher learning is, in most cases, you can get the same quality education for a fourth of what they charge each year in tuition. Many in state colleges are highly ranked institutions of higher learning.

Recent analysts have pointed out that costs to attend many highly ranked elite private colleges and institutions have ballooned, making it even more difficult to finance a four year degree.

Along with tuition rates, the number of applicants has made it even more competitive to be accepted to these institutions. With more people applying and tuition rates climbing, securing a good financial aid package at an expensive, elite private college or university was never such a challenge.

Moreover, researchers have pointed out that a fine college education can be had at many public state colleges and institutions. In effect, in most cases you will simply be paying for ‘bragging rights’ rather than a worthier or inherently more valuable college degree.

Community College – A Financial Head Start on Education

Why should you consider making a pit stop at community college before heading off to college or university? There are many reasons why community college represents a head start on education. Here are some reasons why you should put your local community on your list of life pit stops.

Community College Allows You to Get an Academic Head Start

Want to get a taste of college while you are still in high school? Many community colleges allow high school seniors to take courses that can be counted towards a future degree. Your local community college can be a great way to start your college career early, even if it means taking a summer course after high school graduation.

Your local community college can be a great way to prime yourself for university or four year colleges. For instance, taking a community college can be a great way to get prerequisites out of the way so you will be clear to take a higher level course once you get to a four year institution. Moreover, it is very affordable to take classes at the community college level.

Community College Can Also Help You Get a Financial Head Start

Why should you make a pit stop at your local community college before heading off to a four year college or university? Easy. It can save you thousands of dollars. In most states, you can easily fulfill many of your undergraduate competencies by taking those classes at your local community college. Most community colleges offer smaller class sizes and highly qualified instructors.

At the university label, chances are you will spend most of your ‘required’ courses in oversized lecture halls with grad students mumbling their way through the lectures. In short, going to community college can save you money and maybe even get you a better education footing than taking the very same course at a university.

Not a Straight A High School Student? Community College Offers a Blank Slate

For many people, community college offers a much needed clean slate. Perhaps you are not able to go to the college of your choice directly out of high school because of your grades. Community college is a great way to pursue a higher education at your own pace, without the high stress burden of a big tuition bill that you would get at a traditional four year university.

By taking classes at a community college, you can begin to zero in on your interests. You can begin to build an academic record that you are proud of. Make sure to take advantage of all the resources that will be available to you on campus, including tutoring services and financial aid consultations.

Using Community College as a Springboard to a Traditional Four Year Campus

Community college is a great place to use as a springboard to a traditional four year institution of higher learning. You can much of your two year required coursework out of the way and experiment with many different kinds of courses and majors.

Perhaps even more importantly, attending community college can give you a major financial age. There is a good chance that your public, in state, four year college or university offers transfer scholarships.

Most community college transfer scholarships will cover your tuition bill at the local in state college or university. So you didn’t get that full tuition scholarship out of high school? Well guess what? You can get it by excelling at community college. In this sense, your local community college can give you a great academic and financial opportunity, operating as your gateway to the rest of the world.

Federal PLUS Program Smart Move for College Funding

Under the Parents PLUS loan program, parents are able to help pay their child’s education expenses. The student must be a dependent undergraduate who is enrolled at least half time in an eligible program at an eligible school. PLUS Loans are available through the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program and the William D.

Ford Federal Direct Loan (Direct Loan) Program. Parents can get either of these loans, but cannot get both, during the same enrollment period. An acceptable credit history is a must. It is simple to apply for the Direct PLUS Loan. The student’s parent must complete a Direct PLUS Loan application and promissory note, contained in a single form that is available at any college’s financial aid office.

For the FFEL PLUS Loan, the parent has to fill out and send in the PLUS Loan application, available from the school, lender, or your state guaranty agency. After the school completes its portion of the application, it must be sent to a lender for evaluation.

A credit check will is always required, and must be passed. If the credit check is not acceptable, the parent may still be able to receive a loan if they can provide proof of a hardship, or if someone, such as a relative or friend who is able to pass the credit check, agrees to endorse the loan. An endorser promises to repay the loan if the parent fails to do so.

The parent might also qualify for a loan without passing the credit check if they can demonstrate that extenuating circumstances exist. The student and parent must also meet other general eligibility requirements for federal student financial aid. The yearly limit on a PLUS Loan is equal to the cost of attendance minus any other financial aid the student receives.

After approval, either the U.S. Department of Education (for a Direct PLUS Loan) or the parents’ lender (for a FFEL PLUS Loan) will send the loan funds to the college. The school might require the parent to endorse a disbursement check and send it back to the school. In most cases, the loan will be disbursed in at least two installments, and no installment will be greater than half the loan amount.

The funds will first be applied to the tuition, fees, room and board, and other school charges. If any loan funds remain, the parent will receive the amount as a check or in cash, unless they authorize the amount to be released to the student or to be put into the school account. Any remaining loan funds must be used for education expenses.

Federal PLUS Loans are unsubsidized loans made to parents. If the student is independent or the parents cannot get a PLUS loan, the student is eligible to borrow additional Stafford Loan funds. The interest rate for the PLUS loan is variable, but never exceeds 9 percent.

Interest rates are adjusted each year on July 1 and the parent is notified of interest rate changes throughout the life of their loan. Interest is charged on the loan from the date the first disbursement is made until the loan is paid in full. There is also a small fee charged in order to obtain the PLUS loan, which is up to 4 percent of the loan.

Repayment of the PLUS loan generally begins within 60 days after the loan is fully disbursed. There is no grace period for these loans. This means interest begins to accumulate at the time the first disbursement is made. The parent must begin repaying both principal and interest while the student is in school. There are some tax incentives available for paying back these loans.

The Scoop on Pell Grants for College Education

Paying for a college education – it’s a thought that keeps many parents up at night. After all, everyone knows that having a college education is the entrance into many good jobs and careers, and everyone also knows that the cost of getting a college education seems to be constantly increasing.

A college education can be more expensive than buying a home for some people and the cost of attending a college or university is prohibitive to some families, even though they know that giving their children the opportunity to get a college education would give their kids a leg up on the competition in the job market. The cost becomes even more overwhelming for parents who have more than one child headed to college.

There are plenty of savings plans available to families to put a little aside for their children’s college education while the kids are still in elementary school and high school, but what happens if you don’t have any money left over to put aside into a savings plan at the end of each month, or what happens if you simply didn’t save anything at all, and now the senior year of high school is upon you? Does that mean that all hope is lost?

The good news is that there are ways for students who come from families without the resources to send them to college to get a good college education anyway. The Federal Pell Grant scheme is one such program. Federal Pell Grants differ from other funding opportunities for students because they do not need to be paid back.

These grants are cash payments from the government to students who need them to pay for college, and that is the end of the story. The student does not have to work on campus to get this money and they do not have to pass a credit check, nor do their parents. Federal Pell Grants have helped millions of low income families give their children a college education.

To qualify for a Federal Pell Grant, you first have to prove that you really need one. The government will make a decision based largely on the income of the parents, but they will also consider factors like how much the school costs to attend, how many classes the student will be taking, and how long they plan to be in school.

These factors will determine not only who gets a grant but also how much money each person will get. Federal Pell Grants are distributed through the student financial aid office at each school.

Federal Pell Grants certainly have helped a tremendous number of students get an education, and they can truly be a lifesaver for a family in need, but don’t make the mistake of thinking that they can solve all of your problems. In many cases, the amount of the Pell Grant, which is awarded yearly, is much less than even tuition at the school, let alone additional costs like room, board, and books.

Some people also complain that the need based criteria of the loan is too strict and it excludes working class families who can’t afford the tuition but still make a living for themselves. Also, the system can punish a student who finds work while in school – the increased income of the student may put them out of the Pell Grant bracket.

For all of these reasons, when you’re planning your education financing, you should count on using Pell Grants only as a supplement. You should also consider work study programs at your school, federal subsidized student loans, and student loans from private sources.

How Federal Work Study Programs Come into Play for College Funding

Many people going to college simply cannot afford the tuition. That is a known fact and many parents worry about how they will fund their child's college tuition and education. If you are looking in to ways to fund your college education, you have several options. There are many different types of low interest loans that you can take out, some of which are based on financial needs, while others are not.

You can also look into scholarship programs. However, many of these scholarships are very competitive and hard to come by. Another option that you have when you need to get college funding is the federal work study program. Here is some more information about how Federal work study programs can help you pay for your college education.

You may not know a lot about the federal work study programs. However, they are a great way that you can sign your college education. The federal work study program gives funds to students that can work as part-time employees at a college or university is can help you finance the costs of your college education.

In addition, many colleges and professional programs participate in the federal work study programs. There are over 3400 participating colleges and postsecondary institutions, where you can receive federal work study assistance.

When you participate in the federal work study program. Your hourly wages will not be less than the minimum wage.  The one thing to remember when looking at the federal work study program. Is that you must qualify to receive this type of help in finding your college education.

In order to determine if you qualify for this type of funding, you will be required to fill out applications that will determine your families expected contribution to your college education and your very own income as a student. If you are independent from your family than they will also look at your assets as an individual.

Furthermore, if you are dependent on your family, the application will also look at your household size and the number of people in your household attending college or postsecondary education programs. It seems like a lot, in order to qualify for the federal work study program. But this is certainly an option for many students who find that they are short when it comes to attending college.

Another great aspect of the qualifying for the federal work study program is that in many cases. You can find employment on camp this while you attend school. These jobs are generally well suited for students and can work around your course curriculum schedule. In addition, if you have declared a major or interest in a certain field of study, you can often find work study related jobs for your particular interests.

For example, if you are majoring in English, you may be able to find a work-study job working in the English department as an assistant for helping other students with their schoolwork. This is a perfect way to gain valuable work related experience or you are still attending college. It looks good on your resume and can give you experience that you need.

If you are interested in seeing if you qualify for the federal work study program, then you should speak to your counselor or financial aid officer at your university or college. You can also find a great deal of information about this particular program on the Internet. Going to college can be a little less scary when you know how you will find your education. Check into the work study program at your local university today.

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